Top U.S. Databases for Tracing Your Family Tree

Essay about Computer Crimes - 1116 Words

Computer Crimes Computer crimes are a major issue in the world today. They are taken place in people’s home, office, and in lots of places. A person should be very cautious about the type of personal information that they enter on there someone else’s computer as well as there own. These things could come back to haunt you in the future. Criminal activity where a computer or network is the source, target, place or tool of a crime is what we call computer crime. Some other terms for computer crime are cybercime, e-crime, hi-tech crime, and electronic crime. None of these categories are exclusive and many activities can be characterized as falling in one or more category. Even though it states that the computer crime is when something†¦show more content†¦However, it releases codes that causes the computer to do whatever is written in the code. Cyberterroism is terrorism done using the computer in some sort of way. Email abuse/harassment is when people use the computer to harass you whereas prior to the computer it was done via regular mail. The growth of computer crime rapidly started in the 1970’s. Although a lot of people don’t see it, it is becoming into a problem which involves and has influences on nearly every aspect of our modern society. Due to the influence of computer crime, it has definetly changed the political, economocial, cultural and also military aspects of our society. There are a lot of crimes that are easier to commit when using a computer. Examples of the easy to commit crimes are fraud, false inputting, fake output, forgery, theft of information, and eavesdropping. These are just a few although there are more out there. Some of the manipulation of computers include data files, attack on hardware, theft of software, comprised measuring devices, hacking by both employees and/or outsiders, etc. In other words, there are many different types of ways to manipulate a computer. A perpetrator is a person who actually commits the crime. Some of the perpetrators involved with computer crimes are ex-empolyees, terrorist, hackers, extortionists, employees, etc. You should never put too much trust in anyone A list of consequences ofShow MoreRelatedComputer Crimes And Computer Crime1066 Words   |  5 Pagescomputer crimes oc/wcc Introduction Ever since computers and networks were invented there have been hackers and computer crimes have grown with the advancement of technology. As with the advancement of technology and computer crimes there have been many types of computer crimes that have evolved with technology. There have been laws in place to help reduce and regulate computers and computer crimes. History of computer crimes Computers and networks became increasingly known and used inRead MoreComputer Crime And Its Effect On Society932 Words   |  4 PagesComputer crime has been an issue since the 1970s. Computer crimes have been categorized in two ways. First is a physical activity in which criminals steal computers. Second is that in which criminals commit crimes using computers. The recent development of the Internet has created a substantial increase in criminals commit crimes using computers. Thus, an emerging area of criminal behavior is cyber crime. Computer crimes mostly affect to a lot of areas of the society. When we work with computersRead MoreComputer Technology And Its Impact On Computer Crime1296 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of computer technology to disrupt the activities of a state or organization, especially the deliberate attacking of information systems for strategic or military purposes† (Oxford Dictionary, 2016). While this definition may seem fitting on a global basis the idea of cybercrime can encompass any valuable information of an individual, company, government, or military entity. The term hacker came about in the early 80’s defining a coup of people where were proficient at manipulating computers. HoweverRead MoreCybercrime Is Crime That Involves A Computer And A Network2155 Words   |  9 PagesCybercrime is crime that involves a computer and a network. The computer may be used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target. Debarati Halder and K. Jaishankar (2011) define cyber-crimes as: Offences that are committed against individuals or groups of individuals with a criminal motive to intentionally harm the reputation of the victim or cause physical or mental harm, or loss, to the victim directly or indirectly, using modern telecommunication networks such as Internet. Such crimes may threatenRead MoreComputer Crime Essay846 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: COMPUTER CRIME Categories of Computer Crime S.R Skolnick Strayer University In todays society computers are used to commit crimes. These crimes are separated into four categories. These categories are as follows, the computer as a target, the computer as an instrument of crime, the computer as incidental to a crime, and crimes associated with the prevalence of computers. In example of the computer as a target, is a case of Kevin Mitnick. Kevin Mitnick was once known as theRead MoreThe Four Major Categories Of Computer Crimes Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pagesassignment, I will discuss the four major categories of computer crimes. I will explain the most common forms of digital crime and why cyber terrorism is the greatest threat. I will also discuss the roles of the U.S. government, court systems, and law enforcement agencies in combating computer crime. First, we will define the four major categories of computer crimes. -The technical definition of computer crimes is an act performed by a knowledgeable computer user, sometimes referred to as a hacker that illegallyRead MoreComputer Crime3446 Words   |  14 PagesComputer Crime Computer crimes need to be prevented and halted thought increased computer network security measures as well as tougher laws and enforcement of those laws in cyberspace: Computer crime is generally defined as any crime accomplished through special knowledge of computer technology. All that is required is a personal computer, a modem, and a phone line. Increasing instances of white-collar crime involve computers as more businesses automate and information becomes an importantRead More Computer Crime Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagesof the twenty-first century--the computer crime offender. Worst of all, anyone who is computer literate can become a computer criminal. He or she is everyman, everywoman, or even every child. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION To first understand computer crime one must understand first what crime is. According to Diana Kendall, crime is a behavior that violates criminal law and is punishable with fines, jail or other sanctions (Kendall 1999; 161). Yet since computer technology is so new it has reallyRead MoreEssay on Introduction to Computer Crime2441 Words   |  10 Pagesexposed to computers each day are also increasing. Using computers have become part of our daily lives to the extent that the world would not function as it would now without the use of computers. With that, criminals are moving on to using computers for their criminal activities and thus computer crimes are born. Every now and then we will hear news of companies getting hacked, government websites being defaced, customers’ information being leaked out and other various computer crimes all over theRead More Computer Crime Essay1989 Words   |  8 PagesThe introduction of computers in to the modern household has brought with it new moral issues. In the last 10 years computers have become increasingly cheaper to buy, due to huge technological advances and fierce competition, driving prices down. It the wake of the computer revolution the internet has followed quickly, becoming faster, cheaper and more accessible. With these technological advances the world has become increasingly smaller enabling piracy and file sharing to become common practice

Is the Use of Tasers a Necessity Free Essays

Name Essay Course Teacher Date Tasers: A Necessity In a society where crime exists such as robbers, burglars, shoplifters, or worse, black market sellers of drugs, electronic devices or designer products. Law enforcement is needed to maintain order which requires a method that is effective to apprehend suspects while keeping injuries to a minimum instead of using guns to solve every situation. Luckily the adoption of Tasers – by industry standards as electronic controlled device (ECD) or Conducted Energy Weapon (CEW) – allows the law enforcement to apprehend a suspect without having to involve themselves in a close-range combative battle. We will write a custom essay sample on Is the Use of Tasers a Necessity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Charlie Mesloh, a university professor at Florida Gulf Coast, Mark Henych, a researcher at Advanced Research Solutions, and Ross Wolf, a criminal justice professor at the University of Central Florida claim that the Tasers is a less-lethal weapon that inflicts a current of electricity throughout the body of the individual which temporarily causes the loss of muscle control (25). TASER International, the inventors of ECD claims this as Neuromuscular Incapacitation (NMI) (1). TASER International asserts, â€Å"[t]he human nervous system communicates with simple electrical impulses . . . TASER technology uses similar electrical impulses to cause stimulation of the sensory and motor nerves† (1). Though there are many controversies on the use of Tasers in BC, it is still a much needed device to keep the community safe. Tasers has been shunned upon by many people in British Columbia because of the story’s circulating around and all the news reports on this tiny device. The most famous and memorable story would be the incident that happened at the Vancouver International Airport to Robert Dziekanski. CBC news reports that the video is in three segments, the first segment shows Dziekanski before police arrives being very agitated and yelling in Polish and seems to be very nervous, the second segment shows Dziekanski picking up a computer then throwing it to the ground, then â€Å"[t]hree airport personnel arrive and block the exit from the secure area, but Dziekanski retreats inside and does not threaten them† (#). The third and final segment shows four RCMP officers arriving on scene and â€Å"can be heard mentioning the word Tasers† (#). Someone can also be heard responding â€Å"Yes† to the question (#). Police have said repeatedly that there were only three RCMP officers involved in the incident, but the video shows four men in RCMP uniforms. People in the lounge can be heard clearly telling the police Dziekanski speaks no English, only Russian. His mother later said he only spoke Polish. Police enter the secure area with no problems and an be seen with Dziekanski standing calmly talking with officers. They appear to direct him to stand against a wall, which he does. As he is standing there, one of the officers shoots him with a Taser . . . officers have also said police did not use pepper spray because of the large number of people at the airport at the time. But the video shows Dziekanski standing alone with the four officers in an otherwise empty area, which is separated fr om the public area by a thick glass wall. (CBC #) After the Taser shots, the sound from Dziekanski stopped and became silent, an officer can be heard saying, â€Å"code red† after checking on his condition and â€Å"minutes later, ambulance attendants arrived but their efforts to revive Dziekanski were unsuccessful and he was declared dead† (#). There are also other incidents that has happened in the past few years and there are definitely cases of misuse with this device which brings about the misconception people get from Tasers, but even though some tragic events happen, it is still one of the safest alternative to bring a healthy environment to everyone. There are people who strongly believe Tasers should be banned, however, banning Tasers will only result in more injuries during arrests. David Hambling, a respected free lance writer on technology and military states, â€Å"[a] recent study in the American Journal of Public Health looked at 24, 000 cases in which police officers had used force, including Tasers, pepper spray, batons and manual methods . . . the study found that Taser use reduced the overall risk of injury by 65 percent. In other words, restricting Taser use could triple the number of injuries caused in this sort of incident† (1). Misconceptions on the use of Taser led to a comment by a person who goes by the name â€Å"the disturber† on CBC news website, he says, â€Å"what’s wrong with people when they [start] using devices that can pump out over 1500 volts for self defence that’s just not cool. [D]oesn’t any one remember the guy who got [tasered] 5 times at the air port because he wasn’t â€Å"co-operating† with the security; wasn’t he killed because of the shock? I] think that they should be banned from use for a less [lethal] item like pepper spray† (#). Pepper sprays can not be used in closed areas because it will effect innocent bystanders, also, as Jim Wilkinson, the Vice President of the site Your Greatest Protection declares, â€Å"[pepper spray] works longer than Tasers or stun guns, it will cause coughing and choking, and it b urns really bad . . . [s]tun guns work by disabling the nervous and the muscular system but only for a few moments. Pepper spray works by causing pain, blindness, and choking for up to 30 minutes† (1). Tasers only neutralize the suspect for several seconds which allows police to seize the suspect in that time and wouldn’t cause the suspect to suffocate for â€Å"30 minutes. † Additionally, there are also many cases where the misuse of pepper spray also caused deaths. Just one mistake with the Taser will bring many people to disagree with the product, but if Taser were really banned, the law enforcement will be forced to use close-range strategies or guns just like in the video Back From The Brink, where Suisun City had to use 52% of the police budget to try and handle the problems in the crime-ridden crescent (video). Any sort of weapons can result in injuries if not used properly, Tasers included, but if used effectively, it will be the best weapon out there to safely neutralize a suspect and bringing a safe community. The incidents revolving around Tasers has angered the general public and as a result, the RCMP invoked strict new rules and training effective May of 2010. The Tasers operational manual provided by the RCMP states, â€Å"[m]embers certified to use the CEW must re-certify annually . . . m]embers whose CEW certification has lapsed must not use the CEW operationally until the re-certification training has been completed† (1). Every part of the Taser is also approved by the RCMP before being released in public. RCMP members must verbally let the subject know the CEW is about to be deployed (3). Additionally, whenever a member takes a CEW it must be thoroughly checked for damages, if no damages are found, a spark test will be conducted, if damages were found, it will be removed w ith haste and sent to qualified personnel’s (4). Any time the CEW is used it will be recorded down and supervisors will be notified (4). Many strict rules were set in motion to ensure the safety of the user and the subject as well as strict training methods to make the misuse of this product nonexistent. The operational manual also educates that â€Å"[m]ultiple deployment or continuous cycling of the CEW may be hazardous to a subject. Unless situational factors dictate otherwise, members must not cycle the CEW for more than 5 seconds on a subject and will avoid multiple deployments† (3). These new rules and regulations allow for members to thoroughly know the Tasers and assures the correct methods of use is performed. Tasers has been a very controversial device throughout Canada, especially when RCMP officers handle them. The major issue surrounding Tasers is that the citizens feel Tasers is a form of torture while others feel it is a necessary device to keep the community safe. Tasers could be lethal if used the wrong way, but even then Tasers will still be much safer compared to a gun as well as more incapacitating than the pepper spray, also would not cause suffocation to the suspect at hand. If Tasers were taken away, it will only result in more injuries given to the suspect or the officer. When an officer uses the Taser, they must show that their actions were reasonable and just, but good training, as always, is the key to effective use of Taser and to keep our neighborhood friendly. (1446 words) How to cite Is the Use of Tasers a Necessity, Essay examples

Procter Gamble and Information Governance †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Procter Gamble and Information Governance. Answer: Procter and Gamble Role of Senior Leadership in Information Governance Information is one of the most important and critical assets of any organization. The same holds true for Proctor and Gamble (PG) as well. Information governance is a set of disciplines that include numerous processes, methods and procedures for the efficient management and organization of information in a secure manner such that the organizational goals and standards are met. There are various resources that are assigned and play a significant role in the management and governance of information. Senior leadership has a great role to play in this regard. (Ico, 2014) PG is a company that was started in the year 1859 and has now spread to over 180 countries. There are a huge number of data sets that the company is required to manage and organize. There were many steps that were taken by the senior leadership at PG so that the efficient information governance could take place. Global Business Units (GBUs) were set up that included the major product categories associated with the company as beauty, health care and likewise. Market Development Organizations (MDOs) were also set up by the senior management and leadership to gain local competitive edge. Global Business Services (GBSs) and corporate functions were also carried out for efficient governance so that over 129,000 employees could be assigned to these four verticals and it could become easier to manage the employees (Wolverhampton, 2017). Passerini, was given the charge of GBS in 2003 who transformed the IT capabilities that were associated with the organization. Information and Decision Solutions (IDS) were adapted for better information handling, information organization, analytics and decision making. Bob McDonald became the president and CEO of PG in 2009 and emphasized on the enhancement of information technology and related capabilities. Analytics was launched as organized services using better data and technological capabilities through the contribution of senior leaders. Senior leadership, therefore, plays an extremely significant part in the information governance and organization. There are several tasks and activities that are carried out by the senior leaders in terms of monitoring, evaluation and control. There are processes, such as, reviews, walkthroughs and inspections that are executed so that the areas of improvement in terms of information governance can be highlighted and the necessary changes can be made. Also, the senior leadership is always aware of the set of operations that are carried out by the organization along with their purpose and utility. The clarity on the business goals to achieve along with authority to manage the resources is available to the senior leadership only as is in the case of PG. The senior leadership must remain actively involved in the several governance tasks and activities that are carried out (Arma, 2011). PG could gain benefits out of the transformations that it did to its information technology processes and structure. This was because of the involvement and the skills of the senior leadership along with the enhanced decision making activities that were involved in the same. Critical Analysis of the Organization on the Use of Is IT Organization Overview XYZ is an organization that provides financial services and solutions to the clients. The company is based out of Australia and has four different units across the country. There are over 250 employees that are engaged with the organization. A number of information systems and technologies have been adopted by XYZ Company for the management of the business tasks and operations along with the information sets. Use of Cloud Services in the Organization Cloud computing is a type of computing that makes use of networks for the execution of business process and for the storage, management and retrieval of information. XYZ Company makes use of cloud services and activities in terms of cloud database, digital marketing, and cloud based finance management systems along with resource tracking and communication. There are a lot many files and data sets that are transmitted and shared with other resources using cloud (Iyoob, 2015). These cloud delivery model that is followed in the organization is cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS). The cloud deployment model used and adapted by the organization is the hybrid cloud model. Use of Social Media in the Organization Social media has become an integral parts of the organizations in the current times. There is social media presence that is ensured by every organization and there is a specific department that has been set up for the social media management (Modeus, 2013). This policy and set of practices are also followed by XYZ Company. The company makes use of social media platforms for information sharing, customer relationship management, marketing and advertising purposes. The social media accounts set up by the organization are managed by the social media managers and advertisers. These accounts are used for posting the details of the financial services being provided by the company along with providing the details of the new services and offers (Cvijikj, 2011). The customers are informed about the recent developments being done in the organization so that the customer engagement and relationship improves. These platforms are also used for the resolution of customer queries and complaints along with incident recording and reporting. Impacts on the Organization There are information systems and information technology being used in the organization in other areas as well. The use and adoption of these IS IT elements have laid positive impacts on the organization as the information sharing and communication capabilities have improved for the employees along with the stakeholders. The employees are connected to each other in a better manner leading to enhancement in their levels of efficiency and productivity. The decision making processes have also improved as a result, since, the information required by the management and leadership is readily available. There are automated Decision Support Systems (DSS) and Management Information Systems (MIS) that are used for the purpose (Esmt, 2016). These systems ensure that the decisions that are taken by the managers and business leaders are in accordance with the entire information sets that are associated with the organization. Possible Improvements Technology is improving and advancing itself since every passing day. There are many latest enhancements that are being done in the area of technology. XYZ Company can also adapt and include these changes in its architecture and infrastructure. The company is located in four different locations and each of these locations has a set of staff members that are engaged in the office location that is set up. There are networking and cloud computing facilities that are set up for every location. However, integration and information sharing is one of the issue that is being witnessed that often leads to inefficient communication and information sharing. The organization must work on the capabilities to improve the network integration and the resource sharing abilities. These can be done by enhancing the network management system and integration capabilities. There must be a cloud data centre that shall be set up in the first place. The use of Virtual private Networks (VPNs) shall also be done so that the cloud services are utilized in a better manner. There are newer cloud databases that have been released in the market. Many of the NoSQL databases are also cloud based databases that offer enhanced information storage and management capabilities. These databases also support Big Data tools and technologies. MongoDB is one such cloud database that shall be used (He, 2014). The organization must also include Business Intelligence tools and information systems capable of these tools. In terms of financial services and solutions that are provided by the organization to its clients, there are a lot many data and information sets that are involved. These information sets can be better analysed using the Business Intelligence tools under the category of data analytics tools. The tool will provide the results on the financial services that must be designed, specifications that must be included, customer preferences and choices, market trends and patterns and likewise. The end result along with customer satisfaction level that will come out as a result will be improved. Security is one of the aspects that needs to be enhanced for the organization. There are a number of cloud services, social media integration, information systems and technologies that are being used and applied in the organization. These capabilities and technologies offer numerous benefits; however, there are also a number of security risks and threats that have emerged as a result. There can be various security attacks that may take place on the data and information sets present in the organizations database, networks and systems (Utica, 2014). These attacks may have an adverse implication on the information properties, such as, confidentiality, availability and integrity of the information. There may be attacks, like, denial of services and distributed denial of service, malware attacks, phishing attacks, man in the middle and eavesdropping attacks, information breaches and leakage along with SQL injection and insider threats that may take place. There are a number of technical s ecurity controls that have been developed that shall be analysed and applied in the organization for improved information security (Msb, 2015). Importance of Security in Information Management Security is one of the most important aspects of information management that needs to be developed and maintained. This is because of the reason that there are various information sets that are associated with an organization. These information sets comprise of information that may belong to different categories, such as, sensitive, critical, private, public, internal etc. The occurrence of security risks and attacks may impact the properties of information, such as, confidentiality, privacy, integrity and availability in an adverse manner. There are also additional implications that may result out from these occurrences in terms of reduced customer trust and engagement with the organization, negative brand image in the market, reduced revenues and profits earned along with legal obligations and punishments as well (Kissel, 2013). In case of XYZ Company, security is one of the aspects that needs to be enhanced for the organization. This is because of the critical and sensitive nature of financial data sets that are associated with the company. These data sets cannot be exposed to the unauthorized entities as the misuse of the same can lead to legal attacks and risks. There are a number of cloud services, social media integration, information systems and technologies that are being used and applied in the organization. These capabilities and technologies offer numerous benefits; however, there are also a number of security risks and threats that have emerged as a result. There can be various security attacks that may take place on the data and information sets present in the organizations database, networks and systems. These attacks may have an adverse implication on the information properties, such as, confidentiality, availability and integrity of the information. There may be attacks, like, denial of servic es and distributed denial of service, malware attacks, phishing attacks, man in the middle and eavesdropping attacks, information breaches and leakage along with SQL injection and insider threats that may take place. There are a number of technical security controls that have been developed that shall be analysed and applied in the organization for improved information security (Geant, 2010). The security controls that shall be applied in the organization must include the installation of network based intrusion detection and prevention systems for protecting cloud data and information sets. There shall also be automated network scanners and monitors that shall be set up along with firewalls, proxy servers, and anti-denial and anti-malware tools for enhancement of network security. The social media content shall also be developed in such a manner that the necessary and relevant information is imparted to the public along with the protection of private and sensitive details. This would prevent the risk of attacks by the competitors to gain a competitive edge in the market. Many of the technical tools have been developed to analyse the attacking patterns being used by the attackers. These tools shall also be integrated so that the type and nature of the attack can be detected and corresponding security measures can be developed. These countermeasures will lead to the attack detection, control and prevention. References Arma (2011). Senior Leadership Imperative to Information Governance Success. [online] Arma.org. Available at: https://www.arma.org/r1/news/newswire/2011/07/27/senior-leadership-imperative-to-information-governance-success [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Cvijikj, I. (2011). Social Media Integration into the GS1 Framework. [online] Available at: https://cocoa.ethz.ch/downloads/2013/05/1230_AUTOIDLAB-WP-BIZAPP-058.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Esmt (2016). The Evolving Role of Information Systems and Technology in Organizations: A Strategic Perspective. [online] Available at: https://www.esmt.org/sites/default/files/peppard-c01.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Geant (2010). Information Security Policy. [online] Available at: https://services.geant.net/sites/cbp/Knowledge_Base/Security/Documents/gn3-na3-t4-ufs126.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. He, X. (2014). Business Intelligence and Big Data Analytics: An Overview. [online] Available at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/55334437.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Ico (2014). Information governance strategy 2014-16. [online] Available at: https://ico.org.uk/media/about-the-ico/policies-and-procedures/1043029/information-governance-strategy-2014-2016.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Iyoob, I. (2015). Cloud Computing Operations Research. [online] Available at: https://www.columbia.edu/~ad3217/publications/cloudOR.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Kissel, R. (2013). Glossary of Key Information Security Terms. [online] Available at: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ir/2013/NIST.IR.7298r2.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Modeus, G. (2013). Social media - Integrate it and perform better?. [online] Available at: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:632477/FULLTEXT01.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Msb (2015). Strategy for information security in Sweden 2010 2015. [online] Available at: https://www.msb.se/RibData/Filer/pdf/25940.PDF [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Utica (2014). The Need for Security. [online] Available at: https://www.utica.edu/faculty_staff/qma/needforsecurity.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017]. Wolverhampton (2017). Information Governance Board Definitions, Roles and Responsibilities. [online] Available at: https://wolverhampton.moderngov.co.uk/documents/s4114/Appendix%20B%20-%20Information%20Governance%20Board%20Definitions%20Roles%20and%20Responsabilities.pdf [Accessed 20 Oct. 2017].

Athens And Sparta Comparison Essays - Ancient Greek Law, Sparta

Athens And Sparta: Comparison Words- 584 Athens and Sparta: Similarities and Differences One of the greatest city states of all time was the city state of Athens from which we take many of our modern ways. Their government was a full democracy in which they had an assembly was all male citizens over 25 years old, they had the council of five hundred which was chosen by lot of people over 30 and they proposed laws to the assembly. Then there was the court where there were no judges and the juries were very large, the archons which were the nine people with the most power before the assembly took it away from them. The Athenians descended from the Ionians in the attica region. Their city was mainly located on acropolis'. They had all around education which meant everyone was entitled to education not just the rich. They were also concerned with money and they also had unproductive soil which meant they would have to find other ways to make money, so they became sea traders. Unlike Sparta their slaves had legal rights which meant they could be freed if the owners of them th ought to do so. They also had Draconian laws which were pretty tough laws and sometimes unfair. Since they had slaves they had a lot of time to pursue cultural interests and led their society forward intellectually, so they got into making dramatic plays for their enjoyment. There were three classes of people in Athens the first class were Citizens which were above age 19, then there were Metics which were considered the middle class. Then there were slaves which was about as low as you could go. So all in all you will see Athens is a lot different then Sparta which I will tell you about now. Sparta government was a lot different then Athen's they had the five ephors who were overseers and were the real rulers of Sparta. Then came the council of Elders which was made up of 28 men over 60 and they proposed laws to the assembly. Then there were kings who were elected by the assembly and served as high priests, judges, and army commanders. Then came the Assembly which were all citizens over 30 who elected officials and voted on major policies. Their government was Totalitarian. The Spartans descended from the Dorians and were located in the Laconia region. Their city was built in a valley and had no walls because they said they could defend from an invaders. Unlike the Athenians their soil supported farming but they were culturally backward, which means we never got anything out of their society's way of life. They had no real family life and were very militaristic. They spoke in Laconic phrases which meant they answered or spoke in as little words as possible (ex. yes, no, maybe, etc.). They were forced to marry at 30 so they could produce as many children as possible and unhealthy children were left to die. The society of Sparta was composed of citizens which were the direct descendants of the Dorians then there were neighbors which were people from other cities and nationalities living inside their cities who weren't as accepted as the citizens. Then thereare the Healots which were their slaves, compared to Athens their slaves were treated less then dirt. The smart and strong slaves were put to death because of the fear of revolt because slaves outnumbered citizens there. So you can see how culturally oppisate these two people are. History Essays

3 Cases of Superfluous Semicolons

3 Cases of Superfluous Semicolons 3 Cases of Superfluous Semicolons 3 Cases of Superfluous Semicolons By Mark Nichol Semicolons serve one of two purposes: A semicolon can act as a weak period to separate two independent clauses so closely associated that dividing them into distinct sentences might seem excessive, or it can function as a supercomma in a sentence consisting of a list in which one or more items ordinarily separated by commas themselves include commas. Sometimes, however, employment of a semicolon in one of these roles seems to be merited but is not. The following examples, each followed by a discussion and a revision, illustrate such unnecessary usage. 1. Another factor is the actual speed of disruption; specifically, the ability of organizations to change rapidly. A semicolon used as a weak period must separate two independent clauses. Because the second half of this sentence is a mere subordinate clause, the semicolon is not appropriate. Using a comma in place of a semicolon fails to clarify the hierarchy of the sentence (preceding and following specifically with a comma would at least temporarily obscure whether specifically applies to the clause before it or the one that follows), so a dash is the best alternative: â€Å"Another factor is the actual speed of disruption- specifically, the ability of organizations to change rapidly.† (Parenthesizing the subordinate clause is also an option, but parentheses serve to diminish the impact of additional information, while a dash emphasizes it.) 2. This evaluation should include ascertaining which account balances are touched by the work of the provider; the related internal control assertions; how results are evaluated for reasonableness within established tolerances as dictated by the desired precision of the control activities in question; and whether the provider conforms to the organization’s code of conduct. Most of the list items in this sentence are long, but a semicolon exists to delineate complex phrases that already include commas rather than to set off extensive phrases; the statement is coherent without fortifying the divisions by changing the punctuation from commas to semicolons, so the latter are not necessary: â€Å"This evaluation should include ascertaining which account balances are touched by the work of the provider, the related internal control assertions, how results are evaluated for reasonableness within established tolerances as dictated by the desired precision of the control activities in question, and whether the provider conforms to the organization’s code of conduct.† 3. Soon, it becomes clear that the implications of the change reach farther than the finance and accounting group to impact operations, potentially leading to decisions to restructure customer contracts and pricing models; adjust sales commission and incentive compensation plans; modify debt covenants; assess tax planning strategies; and impact mergers and acquisitions transactions, forecasting reports, executive dashboards, and partnership and joint venture reports. Readers might conceivably be confused by this sentence’s organization because of the complexity of the list item â€Å"impact mergers . . . joint venture reports,† so retaining the semicolons is defensible, but because it is last in the sentence, it is probably safe to simplify punctuation by using commas in place of semicolons: â€Å"Soon, it becomes clear that the implications of the change reach farther than the finance and accounting group to impact operations, potentially leading to decisions to restructure customer contracts and pricing models, adjust sales commission and incentive compensation plans, modify debt covenants, assess tax planning strategies, and impact mergers and acquisitions transactions, forecasting reports, executive dashboards, and partnership and joint venture reports.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Structure A Story: The Eight-Point ArcHomogeneous vs. HeterogeneousTypes of Plots

Oedipus the King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Oedipus the King - Essay Example Both need the company of each other to satisfy their desires. This connection further generates many relationships between man and woman which show the interdependence of each gender on the other. This man-woman relationship has become a part of the thematic content of the play â€Å"The Piano Lesson† where women of the family have been shown as strong combining force which has brought the family together. Apart from that the play has tried to dispel traditional notions that women cannot live without men as the protagonist of the play, Berniece has proves that she can live alone in this world and has the capacity of run her family without the aid of any male member. The play shows Berniece a woman without a man. Her husband Crawley is dead long ago and now she is living a lonely life. The play depicts the plight of lonely woman in the world. Male dominated thinking scorns at the idea of seeing woman living on their own. This traditional thought believes that women are weaker s ex and they cannot live on their own. They need the company of a strong man who is always there to protect them and take their side. The idea of world where women are strong and independent is not entertained in a male dominated society. The world of Berniece seems to be a male dominated world. In this world woman is taken as a toy whose only job is to please its male companion. Woman is considered inferior to man. It was though that serious decisions of life cannot be taken by women as they were looked upon as emotional and frail beings. This thought makes Boy Willie take the decision of selling the Piano in place of a piece of land. He in order to fulfill his masculine dreams of becoming a land owner is willing to sacrifice all that is so dear to his family. He does not care about the opinion of his sister. Biased views of men about women Men have a biased view of women and they think that women are meant for men’s pleasure. The following remarks of Boy Willie show what men think of women. Boy Willie: "All [Lymon] want to talk about is women. [†¦] Talking about all the women he gonna get when he get up here." (1.1.94). The remarks summarize the philandering nature of Lymon who is always in search of nightstands. His affair with grace has been depicted during the course of the play. Winning boy sells his suit to Lymon by telling him that the suit has magical powers and can attract women. The men of the story think that the women of the story like typical women are in search of male companions with huge sum of money with them. The financial security ensured by male members of the society is a common notion held by patriarchal ideology. They think that men are the breadwinners and women are their pleasure toys. Doaker, a mature person , also thinks that women remain in search of a man with a stuffed purse. They show love and affection for rich men and are delighted in their company. He remarks. "I ain't thinking about them women. [†¦] All them women want is somebody with a steady payday" (1.1.179). Woman as a cohesive force in family Home is the domain of woman where she tries to act as a cohesive force to combine her family. She does this through her sacrificial behavior and is willing to shed her bled for her family. In a fond memory of her woman ancestor, Berniece recalls how the women of the family took care of piano ( a symbol of family cohesion) through their tears and blood. Berniece says, "Mama Ola polished this piano with her tears for

Credit Squeeze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Credit Squeeze - Essay Example The long-term decisions and techniques include the Capital Investment Decisions . These are the decisions about which investment is received by the projects weather to finance that investment with debt or equity and when; or whether to pay shareholders with the dividends. Whereas short-term decisions can be listed under the 'Working Capital Management heading. The Corporate Finance deals with current assets and current liabilities short-term balance with focus on inventories; managing cash and short-term borrowing. It must also be noted that Corporate Finance term is also related with investment banking. The service which an investment banker offers is to typically evaluate the investment projects so that investment decisions could easily be made by the bank. (Aswath, n.p., n.d.) There are various definitions given to corporate finance by countries around the world. For instance, corporate finance in the US is used to cover a much wider area for describing techniques, activities, and decisions, which deal with many features of a company's capital and finances. While in the UK, the term 'corporate finance' covering a comparatively smaller area, tends to attach itself with much increased capital transactions so as to create and develop larger businesses. Also in the UK corporate finance, is frequently associated with ownership change in a business, and to some extent connected to corporate transaction that is a potent cause of the development of a new equity structure i.e. a shareholder base, the connected issue of the exchange or purchase of debt or equity. The transactions that are covered are of the following types: Seed raising, and start-up or development of capital expansion. 1. The sale or acquisitions of private companies, the mergers & demergers. 2. Takeovers of public companies (mergers, demergers including both public & private deals). 3. subsidiaries or divisions - typically backed by private equity i.e. similar of companies or buy-in & buy-out management. 4. The issues of equity by firms, having the companies flotation on an established stock exchange so that the capital for development and restructure ownership is raised 5. Capital raising for the refinance and restructure of businesses through other forms of debt, equity, and related securities 6. The financing of joint ventures like, public as well as private partnerships; privatisations project finance, and infrastructure finance 7. The secondary equity issues, either through private placing or via further issues on a stock market. 8. Restructuring and raising debt, when particularly linked to the types of above listed transactions. (Shean, n.p., 2005) What is Credit Squeeze The term 'Squeeze' denotes a period of tight monetary policy; borrowing is tight due to high interest rates. The tight monetary policy, a term opposite of 'easy monetary policy ', is a policy of the central bank intended to curtail inflation by depleting the commercial bank reserves and resulting into

The Logic of Suicide Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Logic of Suicide Terrorism - Essay Example The Hotel Rwanda film is a co-production that focuses on political corruption, genocide and the repercussions of violent behavior. The film stars Don as hotelier Paul, who endeavors to salvage his colleague citizens from the ravage of the Rwandan genocide era. A brief review of the genocide entails that the war originated from the tension between the Hutu and the Tutsi whereby, bribes and other acts of corruption among the politicians were routine. As the political situation worsened in the country, civil wars erupted in the region hence, displacing a large number of families. On the other hand, Scott McConnell interviews Robert concerning the idea that probed him to write the book. Robert clearly reveals his wealth with the information he had pertaining to terrorism and violence in various parts of the world (Anthony 18). He claims that religion is not to be held accountable for most of the suicide-terrorist attacks. In the dialogue between Robert and the American conservative, Robert also discusses the American and Iraq differences. This shows that suicide-terrorist attacks were quite prone in the Islamic countries and America. Robert notes that in every occasion where a profession has created a suicide-terrorist movement, there is a religious difference between the occupier and the occupied community (Anthony 21). In conclusion, based on euphemism which is defined as a harmless phrase that substitutes an offensive one, we find that the film title used in this essay is euphemistic. The phrase Hotel Rwanda may mislead one to think that the film is correlated with a hotel in Rwanda while on the contrary; the term refers to the genocide era in Rwanda where many lives were lost due to mass killings.  

Learning Skills for Open and Distance Learners

Learning Skills for Open and Distance Learners 1.0 INTRODUCTION Online learning is new type of further studies offer by higher academic learning around the world. Before higher academic learning institution offer this style of learning method, traditional learning such as class room meeting or face to face learning, part time learning and distance learning was successfully born professional worker and great management leader. The demanding of the professional skill worker increase severely every years and the awareness about further studies by people specially adult make higher academic learning institution think the new way to support and give a opportunity to adult people to upgrade their academic qualification and upgrade their living. The academic professional every day burn their midnight oil to think the new kind of learning to fulfill this adult people need and perform the best practice of learning to suit with adult people lifestyle mostly working and having own family. These academic professional lastly come out a brilliant ideas to support new learning method for adult people. The Online Learning was introduced to the open market and the result is sufficiently encouraging adult people to further their study. According to Tham (2004), learner who evolved from distance learning and traditional face to face classroom now change to online learning method. Although this new learning method is design to suit adult learners, adult learners still have a problem especially in the first year of beginning the online learners. In this paper we will discuss about the problem faced by beginning online learners and typically try to solve it accordingly support from professional thinker facts. 2.0 BACKGROUND OF LEARNING ONLINE In this Information Era, Computers and Internet is very important media for channeling information. Its means Online Learning method use this type of media for learning process. Academic institution use computers and internet and adding this media to create a study environmental class for their online students. This situation is look like an invisible classroom to the online student (Tham, 2004). According to Chen Sun (2008) to develop an integrate online learning module, it involve six dimension criteria. To develop online method criteria, Learners, Instructors, Design, Technology, Environment and Course mix together to fulfill Online Learning methodology. Now we want to focusing one of six criteria that will be discussed with deeper and examine. Although the all six criteria important in online learning, students capability itself to separate the five criteria that need to be prioritized. Be a beginner in online learners is a challenging because learners are compulsory to learn by itself. According to Ash (2010), online learner only spends 2 (two) hours and 15 minutes for lesson in a classroom per week and spends almost the rest of lesson virtually from home. It make sense from Tham (2004) statement invisible classroom. Make your own learning classroom at home using the technology and educational material provide from academic institution. 3.0 FINDING PROBLEM VERSUS SOLVE PROBLEM Be a beginners of online learners is very challenging decision. Mostly online learners are adult working and own family person. They must add more burden thing in their live. The flexible time is the major fact adult people attract to use online learning to fulfill their dream to grab degree or master scroll, but as online learners you must deduct time for learning, working, social, family and resting yourself. Someone said financial and working condition also the problem faced by beginner online learners. These problems are happen actually before becoming online learners. These people will think and doing some research before choose online learning as their learning study method for further their education. They must settle all financial and working condition matter before enrolls with academic institution. Now we will discuss about the problem after student enroll to academic institution and becoming online learners. The most important problem faced by beginning online learners is their mentality issue. According to Combes,(2006). The major issue in mentality problem of beginning in online learners is lack of mentality. He find out is four (4) issues on mental problems which occurred to online learners namely most isolation and lack of identity, lack of motivation, lack of confidence and anxiety. 3.1 Isolation and lack of identity This mental issue about this mentality problem is the feeling inside when online student start enroll as online learners. When online learners start their learning process at home, actually their friend only books and personal computer in front it. What feeling inside online learners thats time is loneliness. According to Pond (1998) loneliness define as an enduring condition of emotional distress that arises when a person feels estranged from, misunderstood, or rejected by others and or lacks appropriate social patterns for desired activities, particularly activities that provide a sense of social integration and opportunities for emotional intimacy. Online learners will not have immediate and fast access to lectures and peers when learning activities begin. No fast respond about their difficulty make online learners unhappy and the social time with their colleague also reduce due to increase time for spending in learning make loneliness or feel of isolation becoming worst. Now we l earn how to overcome this problem related to online learners. According to Rosenblit, (2005) Academic institution must providing good interaction between online learners and tutor. Active peer greatly needed to always contact with online learners to help among themselves. What is most important once is every online learner should give information on this problem and understand that state and knowledge to resolve. Online learners also be encouraged to hold grouped discussion once in a while with peer to share knowledge and their problem and dont keep your problem alone. 3.2 Lack of motivation Motivation is important mental support to achieve high quality as online learners. Motivation is consist of psychological, biological, social and cognitive cause direct behavior (Fulmer 2009). Motivation is spirit hidden inside a person. Online learner with week motivation will cause him unenterprising, often absent from class and no planning in manage self learning. Lack of motivation is a serious problem for online learners and the percentage to fail is highest. How to overcome this problem? To motivate online learners is not same with traditional learners. It because Online learners almost an adult person. They have be different approach or strategy to motivate them. They are five step to motivate learners. 3.2.1. Reward myself People always get motivated by rewarding something. Setup a goal for yourself and reward yourself. Example, if I can finish this semester, My family and I will take a vacation to Manchester, England. 3.2.2. Make sure my course has real value Before you start learning, make sure you choose course can reward you something very valuable. Example, if Im get P.H.D, all my article and books will be recognize and the publishing company will offer me as a Chief Editor. 3.2.3. Help me perform better You must relate what you learn with your working environment. If you choose course similarly with your real working environment, it make you perform better in your studies and your job. 3.2.4. Set clear expectation for the course You must setup your mind, the course that you learn will give you new information and you will use that information later. These tips also need help by a tutor to explain what you will learn and achieves after finish it. 3.2.5. Tell me if Im wrong These tips also need tutor fully cooperation. You may ask your tutor to tell you if you do something wrong with your quiz, assignment or in learning process. Sometimes adult learners also need a little attention to keep them continually motivate. They technique and method to criticize online learner must be suitable. Offences criticize online learner will probably become worst. 3.3 Lack of confidence Lack of confidence also an issue for online learners. 47.5% citing lack of confidence when they use internet for their study (Combes 2006). This student actually want more practical assistance when enroll to the academic institution. Confident means full trusts, believe in one self, abilities and reliability to think. People always said, if we have confidents, we have ability to success. How to drive up confident? They have five (5) tips to overcome this problem. 3.3.1. Find support You have your own family and you need them now to support and understand you as online learners. Your also can find support around your peer and friend. All this combination of support can drive up your confidence back. 3.3.2. Apply your skill You are online learners because you are working person. Try apply your working skill to your learning environment. If you working as a shift hours, it means you can work in the morning, afternoon and night. So you can take this working environment to your learning environment. You can do learning process in the morning, afternoon or at night. That is your advantage! 3.3.3. Set reasonable goal You must set a goal for what u doing. If you now as online learners, you must set a goal to get a diploma, degree, master or P.H.D. whatever happen. Write your goal in a white board, working table or else where that easy to you to see. 3.3.4 Develop a routine You must develop your own time management planner to arrange your study time, working time, family and resting hour. If you set a daily planner to manage your activities, please stick on it. Try to arrange activities at the same time everyday, because if you do the same thing and the same time everyday, lastly it become your routine. 3.3.5 Never stop dreaming Dreaming is not a good thinker but sometime dreaming is good depends on the situation. Dreaming to be success is good thinker but it must follow with effort. With a high passion and never stop effort is the key to success. Online learning must dream to grab a scroll of their certificate on the stage of the high profile convocation event everyday. 3.4 Anxiety Anxiety is feeling inside online learners if they dont well prepare. 51% experiencing anxiety when using the internet for study (combes 2006). The impact of anxiety always happen at younger online learners. According to wikipedia, Anxiety define as psychological state characterized by somatic, emotional, cognitive and behavioral components either the absence or presence of psychological stress, feeling of fear, worry, uneasiness and dread. In learner concept Anxiety is define as psychological and physical response to treat a self concept characterized by subjective, consciously perceived feelings of tension( Vitasari 2010). According to Mauri (1992), the major problem of anxiety is panic situation. How to overcome panic situation? According to Gard (1999), panic must be handles carefully before it become panic attack. These is are three (3) tips to overcome this problem. 3.4.1 Know first before deal That mean learners must know randomly about the course and the syllabus before attending to face to face meeting. Example, work seeker also must know about the company history first before attend an interview. 3.4.2 Always relax Learn to relax yourself when panic situation appear. Take a deep breath and exhale with your mouth slowly. Try to calm down and try to think creatively to overcome that situation. Get help if you cannot handle that situation by yourself. 3.4.3 Believe yours religious Always pray to avoid you from panic situation. We believe all religious have their own way to overcome this panic situation. 4.0 CONCLUSION They are many problem faced by beginner online learners. Financial and Working matter are not relevant problem by beginner online learners. The major problem is mentality issue. Isolation and lack of identity, lack of motivation, lack of confidence and anxiety are the major problem will faced all beginner online learners. To overcome isolation and lack of identity, academic institution must providing good interaction between online learners and tutors and active peer. Five (5) tips like reward myself, make sure my course has real value, help me perform better, set clear expectation for the course and tell me if Im wrong are the tips to overcome lack of motivation problem. They have also five (5) tips to overcome lack of confidence. Find support, apply your skill, set reasonable goal, develop a routine and never stop dreaming is the key to avoid lack of confidence. Anxiety are similarly to panic situation. Three (3) tips to overcome this problem are know first before deal, always relax and believe yours religious. 5.0 REFERENCES Kim, K.J. (2009). Motivational challenges of adult learners in self-directed E-Learning.  Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 20(3), 317. Retrieved from  proquest.com (OUM Digital Library) Ash, K. (2010). Blended learning seeks the right mix: School combine virtual and face-to-face teachers to meet student needs. Education Week, 30(4), 8. Retrieved from  Proquest.com. (OUM Digital Library) Tham, C.M, Werner, J.M. (2004). Designing and evaluating E-learning in higher  education: A review and recommendations. Journal of Leadership   Organizational Studies, 11(2), 15. Retrieved from proquest.com (OUM Digital  Library) Combes, B., Anderson, K. (2006). Supporting first year E-learners in courses for the  information professions. Journal of Education for Library and Information  Science, 47(4), 259. Retrieved from proquest.com (OUM Digital Library) Pond, S.S.C. (1998). Acceptance and belonging the promotion of acceptance and  belonging within group art therapy: A study of two lonely third grade students.  American Journal of Art Therapy, 36(3), 81. Retrieved from proquest.com  (OUM Digital Library) Rosenblit, S.G. (2005). Eight paradoxes in the implementation process of E-learning in  higher education. Higher Education Policy, 18(1), 5. Retrieved from  Proquest.com (OUM Digital Library) Fulmer S.M., Frijters, J.C. (2009). A review of self-report and alternative approaches in  measurement of student motivation. Educational Psychology Review, 21(3), 219.  Retrieved from proquest.com (OUM Digital Library) Vitasari. P., Wahab, M.N.A., Othman, A., Awang, M.G. (2010). A research for  identifying study anxiety sources among university students. International  Education Studies, 3(2), 189. Retrieved from proquest.com ( OUM Digital  Library) Mauri, M., Sarno, N., Rossi, V. M., Armani, A., Zambotto, S., Cassano, G. B., Akiskal,  H.S. (1992). Personality disorder associated with generalized anxiety, panic, and  Recurrent depressive disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 6(2), 162.  Retrieved from proquest.com (OUM Digital Library) Gard, C.J. (1999, coping with the fear of fear. Current Health 2, 25(5), 22.Retrieved from  Proquest.com (OUM Digital Library) Pei-Chen Sun, Ray J. Tsai, Glenn Finger, Yueh-Yang Chen, Dowmin Yeh (2008).  Computers Education 50(4) 1183-1202. Retrieved from www. Sciencedirect.com The Rapid e learning blog. Retrieved from www.articulate.com/rapid-elearning/motivate-your-learners-with-these-5-simple-tips/ Anxiety. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiety

Physics of Superconductors Essay -- physics superconductor

As most people know (or don't know, whichever is the case) the component of an electrical circuit that causes energy loss is called "resistance," which can be defined as a materials opposition to current being passed through it. Usually, this resistance results in the production of heat, sound, or another form of energy. In many cases, this transformation of energy is useful in such applications as toasters, heaters, and light bulbs. Even though it is a useful property, resistance often gets in the way of performance in such cases as high voltage transmission wires, electric motor output, and other cases where internal system energy losses are unwanted. This is where the phenomenon of superconducting materials comes into play and may present the solution to this energy loss problem. Superconductors are materials that display zero resistance under certain conditions. These conditions are called the "critical temperature" and "critical field," denoted Tc and Hc respectively. The Tc is the highest temperature state the material can attain and remain superconductive. The Hc is the highest magnetic field the material can be exposed to before reverting to its normal magnetic state. Within the substances currently known to superconduct, there is a divide between what has come to be called type I and type II superconductors. Type I are composed of pure substances, usually metals, and type II are composite compounds, usually some sort of ceramic. Additional differences between type I and type II exist, mainly that type II display superconducting qualities at much higher temperatures and can remain superconductive in the presence of much higher magnetic fields. While type I have Tc's that hover just a few degrees from absolute zero, t... ...e the track and is propelled by the magnetic forces caused by the induced currents. Another use of superconductors is in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, in which the superconductor helps in creating a non-invasive method of looking at a persons brain activity. Yet another area where superconductors would be especially helpful is in the power and electronics industry where power losses arise from a systems internal resistance. If a power generator was constructed with superconducting components the efficiency of the motor would be greatly increased. The electronics industry would benefit from faster switching times, smaller components, and greater circuit efficiency. The world of superconductors is expanding at a tremendous rate. As the uses and possibilities for their use become more apparent, our society might see them more and more in everyday life.

Kant’s Categorical Imperative: Suicide Essay

There are over thirty-thousand suicides a year in the United States alone. Whether or not suicide is acceptable is a moral issue. Immanuel Kant’s categorical imperative can be applied to this moral issue. Kant strongly disagreed with suicide, because it was not a morally responsible decision; I will give a summary of the Categorical imperative, and use this information to develop an argument that Kant or a Kantian would use to argue against suicide. Kant’s Categorical imperative argued that an action or rule is moral if it is universally good. If everyone sees an action as good and can perform the action than it is moral. The categorical imperative applies to all rational beings regardless of one’s personal motives and desires. Kant believed that we those actions that if you would want an action performed on you than it are moral. â€Å"Act only on that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law (309). † Based on the categorical imperative, Suicide is immoral because it is our purpose to acquire happiness. If we all committed suicide as we pleased, then we would seize to exist, which is unethical. Because suicide prevents us being happy, it is not morally permissible under Kant’s categorical imperative. Humans should be thought of as a means not an ends. If we committed suicide than we are not achieving our potential to be happy, which is unmoral. To Kant suicide was â€Å"in no circumstance permissible. † Kant believed that any man, who would survive a suicide attempt, had now discarded his humanity and was lower than a beast. Suicide degrades our humanity, because it takes away our basic purpose. One could argue that Kant biased to a religious view of suicide being immoral. Kant believes that our lives belong to God and are not ours to end. It is also questionable to categorize our lives as a thing, and debase his humanity over a decision that they have made. Suicide is immoral because it does not bring happiness, and is not universally acceptable. Because we can no longer make moral decisions Kant argues that suicide is not morally acceptable. Kant states that â€Å"It cannot be moral to root out the existence of morality in the world. † Suicide prevents you from performing anymore acts of morality. According to the Categorical imperative, if we can perform a good deed we should, regardless of whether there is anything to be gained. We are bound by a set of universal laws that all should follow unconditionally. We should not commit suicide because; we have an obligation to perform good deeds in the world. Our purpose as humans is to perform good actions in the world, but we cannot do this if we are dead. Committing suicide prevents us from performing actions and is an irrational decision to make, which violates the Categorical Imperative. If one wants to commit suicide they should think of all of the actions that they would no longer be able to perform in death. One should strive to perform moral actions in life and to continue living as long as possible. We are each unique, and have actions that only we can complete. Works Cited Cahn, Steven M. , and Peter J. Markie. Ethics: History, Theory, and Contemporary Issues. New York: Oxford UP, 1998. Print.

Physical & Biological Resources Derived from Oceans essays

Physical & Biological Resources Derived from Oceans essays The oceans provide modern society with numerous resources. For centuries the ocean has provided humans with things such as food, clothing, shelter materials, and a way of transportation. In todays world more than half of the resources that humans use are derived from the ocean. The oceans and seas of the world provide countless amounts of physical and biological resources. These resources include mineral deposits, oil and gas, electrical energy, food from marine animals and plants, transportation and recreation. Unfortunately many types of marine resources have been mismanaged and over-exploited, and their future sustainability is uncertain. There are two main categories of resources that are derived from the ocean. Biological resources are marine animals and plants harvested for food and other uses. Physical resources are of non-living resources that are harvested. Both biological and physical resources play an important role in everyday life. There are many physical resources that are derived from the oceans. Some resources include petroleum (crude oil), gases, and minerals. Petroleum and natural gases form from the buried remains of marine plankton. Petroleum and natural gas pumped from offshore drilling platforms contributes substantially to the world supply of energy, oil, and vehicular products. If you look around you, everything made today has something to do with oil and gas. The car you drive runs on motor oil and gas. The heater in your house is powered by electricity from a power plant. Your computer is made at a factory that probably burns some form of oil or gas to make the computer parts. Oil and gas cause the most amounts of pollution and problems in todays world. It seems like all world problems are due to the extraction and exploitation or crude oil and gas. The problem with deriving oil and gas is much too obvious; pollution. What happens when an oil tanker runs-agr ...

The Expert Guide to the Columbia Supplement

The Expert Guide to the Columbia Supplement SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Only 6% of applicants are admitted to Columbia every year. Do you want to be one of them? If so, you’ll need to write amazing Columbia essays as part of your application. In this article, we’ll outline the different types of essays you need to write for your Columbia Supplement and teach you how to write an essay that will help you stand out from the thousands of other applicants. What Does the Columbia Supplement Include? Like many major colleges and universities, Columbia University requires its applicants to submit essays as part of their application for admission. Columbia requires that you write a total of three essays and answer five short answer questions. You’ll need to answer a prompt provided by the Common Application or Coalition Application, depending on which one you use to submit your Columbia application through. You’ll also need to respond to two Columbia-specific short essay questions. The Columbia essay prompts offer you plenty of opportunities to show off your qualifications as an applicant and wow the admissions committee. The first, and longest, essay that you’ll write for Columbia will be based on one of the essay prompts provided by the Common App or the Coalition App, depending on which application you use to apply to Columbia. If you want to learn how to write a great essay for the Common App or Coalition App, check out our dedicated blog posts on each topic. Columbia Essays, Analyzed In this section, we’ll be looking at both of the Columbia supplemental essays in depth. Remember, every applicant must answer both essay prompts, so you don’t get to choose which essay you would like to write. You’ll need to answer each essay prompt strongly if you want to be admitted to Columbia. Let’s take a look at each of the two Columbia supplement questions and see how to write something meaningful for each. Columbia Essay Prompt #1 Please tell us what you value most about Columbia and why. (300 words or fewer) This prompt is deceptively simple. While the question is brief, you should take care to answer it with specific information about Columbia and why it is the best university for you. The admissions committee is interested in learning about your curiosity inside and outside of the classroom, so don’t feel like you have to limit your expressed interest in Columbia to its academic resources. For instance- how are you planning to utilize Columbia’s location? That being said, remember that the most important thing here is to be specific. Although the fact that Columbia is in NYC can certainly be a draw, do not use "city life" as your topic- it’s too broad and will sound insincere. A better answer would be to talk about the partnerships Columbia has with the many companies that are in New York City or to discuss how certain Columbia classes integrate with the world-class museums nearby. The committee is looking for students who will take advantage of all that Columbia has to offer them as an institution- so be honest in your response, and do some research. Instead of simply saying that Columbia has great academics, go into detail about a professor you admire or a class you are excited to take. Maybe there is an internship or specific program that you only have access to through Columbia. Being specific is more powerful than speaking in generalized platitudes. Don’t feel limited to your potential major. You don’t have to write solely about your predicted course of study. In fact, this prompt is an opportunity to diversify your academic portfolio, so to speak, and show the committee that you’re curious and open to new ideas. Columbia Essay Prompt #2 The third essay that you’ll write for Columbia will depend on the college that you’re applying to. Columbia’s application has different prompts for Columbia College and The Fu Foundation School of Engineering And Applied Sciences. While the prompts are basically the same, the strategies will differ a bit based on the school to which you’re applying. Columbia houses different fields of study under each of the colleges. If you’re interested in the Arts, Life Earth Sciences and Humanities, you’ll apply to Columbia College. If you’re interested in Engineering, you’ll apply to the Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. The colleges are not the same- each reviews its applicants separately and you’ll take different curriculum depending on the school that you’re accepted to. While you can have the freedom to talk about different academic interests in this prompt, you should make sure that you’re talking about experiences that are at related to the school you’re applying to. Don’t wax on about how you want to write like Keats if you’re applying to the engineering school. Columbia College Prompt If you are applying to Columbia College, tell us what from your current and past experiences (either academic or personal) attracts you specifically to the field or fields of study that you noted in the Member Questions section. If you are currently undecided, please write about any field or fields in which you may have an interest at this time. (300 words or fewer) Although this essay gives you a chance show yourself as a well-rounded person who has a variety of different interests and talents, make sure that you are describing a real, true experience from your life that inspired you to pursue your projected major in college. If you have absolutely no clue what you’re going to major in, it’s still crucial to describe an experience that inspired you to care about and study something. It can be simple, but it has to be genuine. Columbia’s committee is more likely to take notice of a real interest in something you actually care about than an exaggerated account of your experience serving soup at a shelter that one time with your school’s National Honors Society chapter. Essays are a great opportunity to present yourself as a well-rounded person. Don’t repeat information that the committee can find elsewhere on your application. Take the time to share fun, personal details about yourself. Be specific- the committee wants to get a real picture of you as a person. Don’t just say that you love to play video games, say exactly which video games you love and why. This essay is also a great time to show off your community- the friends, family, teammates, etc. who make up your current life. Since the prompt asks about personal experiences, you can talk about the deep bonds you have and how they have affected you. What the admissions committee mainly wants to see is that you’re an intellectually curious student. Whatever your passion is, elaborate on how it has become an intellectual pursuit. For instance, if you’re interested in studying Classics, you can talk about how you’ve researched the origins of different myths. If you care about studying journalism, talk about why you’re so passionate about an impartial press. Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science Prompt If you are applying to The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, please tell us what from your current and past experiences (either academic or personal) attracts you specifically to the field or fields of study that you noted in the Member Questions section. (300 words or fewer) This Columbia essay prompt is exactly the same as the prompt for Columbia College, with one big caveat: there’s no room for being undecided here. If you’re applying to The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, you’ll need to select a field or fields of study. Because you’re required to select your potential field of study, your essay needs to be related to that selection. You need to relate your course of study to your personal interests, not what you think the admissions committee wants to hear. Don’t say that you want to engineer an issue the world’s clean drinking water shortage just because you think it sounds good to the people reading your essay. That’s not to say you can’t talk about providing more people clean drinking water- you just have to have a personal connection to issue. Want to get into Columbia or your personal top choice college? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Columbia Short Answer Questions Analyzed In 150 words or fewer, please list a few words or phrases that describe your ideal college community. This question asks you to describe what you are looking for from your college community. The word "community" is key here- you’re not just talking about academic experience. You should also mention what you want from your peers and out-of-class life, too. The other key to this prompt is brevity- you need to cover a lot of ground in less than 150 words. You don’t want to waste words here. You’ll need to get your point across quickly and clearly. You should describe a community that reflects Columbia’s values: a place where academic curiosity and rigor are prioritized. That being said, you don’t want to sound trite or like you’re over exaggerating. Don’t say that you want to participate in endless literary salons just to sound smart. Instead, say things that actually ring true: e.g., you want a community where people are excited to create art or talk about what they’re learning in class. Don’t try to cover your entire college experience in less than 150 words. It’s better to paint a vivid picture of a small portion of your ideal college life than a blurry one of your entire experience. For the four list questions that follow, we ask that you list each individual response using commas or semicolons; the items do not have to be numbered or in any specific order. No narrative or explanatory text is needed. It is not necessary to italicize or underline titles of books or other publications. Author names may be included, but are not required. You do not need to fill the entire space or use the maximum number of words; there is no minimum word count in this section, so please respond to the extent that you feel is appropriate. Please list the following (150 words or fewer for each question): the titles of the required readings from courses during the school year or summer that you enjoyed most in the past year; the titles of books read for pleasure that you enjoyed most in the past year; the titles of print or electronic publications you read regularly; and the titles of the films, concerts, shows, exhibits, lectures and other entertainments you enjoyed most in the past year. This question can be intimidating! It’s normal to be nervous to share what you’re reading or enjoying outside of class. That being said, you should opt for honesty here, rather than impressiveness. Don’t feel like you need to say that enjoyed reading Hind Swaraj if you actually vastly preferred your English class’ foray into Tolkien. Be truthful and real. This question is also a great opportunity to share different interests that you have. If you love Miyazaki films, but also love documentaries about climate change, feel free to share! The more information you give, the more fleshed out you’ll be as a person. It’s important to note the directions here: don’t justify your responses or give any commentary. Simply list the works you’ve enjoyed and leave it at that. You can choose to list the works in a number of ways: alphabetically, chronologically, or in order of interest. I’d suggest going chronologically or in order of interest, but there’s not a right or wrong way to go here. How to Write a Great Columbia Essay: 3 Key Tips Regardless of which Columbia essay prompt you’re responding to, you should keep in mind the following tips for how to write a great Columbia essay. #1: Use Your Own Voice The point of a college essay is for the admissions committee to have the chance to get to know you beyond your test scores, grades, and honors. Your admissions essays are your opportunity to make yourself come alive for the essay readers and to present yourself as a fully fleshed out person. You should, then, make sure that the person you’re presenting in your college essays is yourself. Don’t try to emulate what you think the committee wants to hear or try to act like someone you’re not. If you lie or exaggerate, your essay will come across as insincere, which will diminish its effectiveness. Stick to telling real stories about the person you really are, not who you think Columbia wants you to be. #2: Avoid Cliches and Overused Phrases When writing your Columbia essays, try to avoid using cliches or overused quotes or phrases. These include quotations that have been quoted to death and phrases or idioms that are overused in daily life. The college admissions committee has probably seen numerous essays that state, â€Å"Be the change you want to see in the world.† Strive for originality. Similarly, avoid using cliches, which take away from the strength and sincerity of your work. Columbia’s admissions committee will see hundreds, if not thousands, of essays that talk about how much the applicant loves New York City. Saying that you want to study amongst the bright lights of the Big Apple is trite and overdone. If you are excited about going to school in New York City, make sure that you have a really specific reason that also ties to Columbia’s opportunities. #3: Check Your Work It should almost go without saying, but you want to make sure your Columbia essays are the strongest example of your work possible. Before you turn in your Columbia application, make sure to edit and proofread your essays. Your work should be free of spelling and grammar errors. Make sure to run your essays through a spelling and grammar check before you submit. It’s a good idea to have someone else read your Columbia essays, too. You can seek a second opinion on your work from a parent, teacher, or friend. Ask them whether your work represents you as a student and person. Have them check and make sure you haven’t missed any small writing errors. Having a second opinion will help your work be the best it possibly can be. Recap: Writing the Columbia Supplemental Essays Your Columbia essays cover a lot of ground! You'll have the opportunity to share why you want to attend Columbia, as well as about your academic interests and potential pursuits. You'll also get to talk about Columbia's community and the art and literature that interests you. Be honest and sincere in your Columbia essays. Make sure your essays are a great representation of who you are as a person, not just a What’s Next? Wondering how to excel on the "Why Columbia" essay?We break down this essay prompt and specific examples on our blog. You might be wondering what kind of test scores you need to get into Columbia and other similar schools. We tell you what good scores are for Ivy League schools plus MIT, Stanford, and UChicago here. Looking for a detailed guide on how to be one of the few students accepted to Ivy League level schools? Read PrepScholar co-founder Allen Cheng's reflections on his college application and tips for how you can get into Harvard and other Ivy League-level schools. Want to write the perfect college application essay? Get professional help from PrepScholar. Your dedicated PrepScholar Admissions counselor will craft your perfect college essay, from the ground up. We'll learn your background and interests, brainstorm essay topics, and walk you through the essay drafting process, step-by-step. At the end, you'll have a unique essay that you'll proudly submit to your top choice colleges. Don't leave your college application to chance. Find out more about PrepScholar Admissions now:

BHS 499 (Senior Capstone Project) Module 3 CBT Essay

BHS 499 (Senior Capstone Project) Module 3 CBT - Essay Example Fraud as defined by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary of Law is "any act, expression, omission, or concealment calculated to deceive another to his or her disadvantage; specifically: a misrepresentation or concealment with reference to some fact material to a transaction that is made with knowledge of its falsity or in reckless disregard of its truth..." The HIPAA or Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 defines it as ''a criminal conspiracy or a violation" to specific provisions indicated in the U.S. Code which pertains to conspiracy relating to a health care benefit program'' 18 U.S.C. x 24(a). Furthermore, fraud is basically considered as an act of misrepresentation or deception designed to acquire something of value held by some other; and the most common forms of fraud among nurses documented by CNO include: falsifying a record; collecting pay under false pretenses; misappropriating property or money through deceptive means; and providing false information to ones employer (Quality Practice, 2003; p 1). Below outlines the managerial, legal, ethical and financial implications brought about by fraudulent and financial abuse in the health care industry. The unnecessary patient treatments that are being ordered, limits the patient's coverage which may be subsequently met prematurely; later, patients may not be able to expend co-payments for gratuitous visits. In addition, false diagnoses for the purpose of up-coding may affect the patient's ability to obtain maintain insurance coverage since the information is available primarily to other potential insurers (Busch, 2007).According the National Health Care Anti-Fraud Association, around $56.7 to $170 billion is the estimated loss annually (Department of Health and Human Services, 2005). Centers for Medicaid & Medicare (2006) expressed that the dollars lost to reimbursement of Medicare and Medicaid as well as intentional improper billing could have been used to fund the health insurance of low-income persons; if they were not acquired or end up in the pockets of the unscrupulous health care suppliers and providers. The Provision 3.5 under the Code of Ethics calls upon that all nurses needs to take appropriate action about any instances of unethical, incompetent, illegal or impaired practice by members of the health care team or any action on the side of others by the health care system which places the best interest of the patient (American Nurses Association, 2001). Fletcher, Sorrell, and Silva (1998) have point out that nurses are frequently called upon to make sacrifices, in their personal as well as professional, ones they adhere strictly to Nurses' Code of Ethics. This code 3 requires nurses' accountability as professionals however fails to acknowledge that the reality is that in the health care system, many nurses have limited power within. Job security for fraud investigators and auditors remains strong. Over the years, it continues to attract the nurses who are ethically challenged. Health care fraud is oftentimes buried within the functions in critical business. In 2006, initiatives were made to implement the development of health information technology infrastructure, in order to improve the

Answer the questions in Bold Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Answer the questions in Bold - Essay Example A single level of provider, or individual teams within a level, can provide assistance when others are unavailable or inappropriate. Responses appear to have improved since 2001 (Inglesby, 2011), but there are still concerns that need to be addressed. As the scale of a disaster increases, so does the involvement of multiple groups. The call for coordination begins at the instant that more than one team is attending to an emergency. Without properly integrating available services, there is little chance of providing the best possible assistance to those affected by the situation. Poorly strategized emergency services will cause overlaps and gaps in the allocation of personnel (Born et al., 2011). This deficiency would result in victims not receiving the appropriate help when it should otherwise be available (Geale, 2012). Poor skills management is also possible within a single unit, but is exponentially damaging as more teams become part of the system. Higher levels of emergency response will be activated as the situation increases in severity and, usually, in geographic impact. The damage caused by the faulty management of disaster assistance is severe when it occurs throughout high-level supervising authorities. The regular eval uation of these systems is a necessary step to ensure the minimization of losses due to emergency situations. The integration of emergency services at multiple levels is adequately but not perfectly supported by current United States policies. Local officials and organizations handle most emergencies, limiting the complexity of cooperative management and allowing for familiarity to develop between providers. When the state becomes involved it takes control of the operation while supporting and coordinating community efforts, which is appropriate given the duties and capabilities of state governments. Federal intervention is only

Difference between void contracts and voidable contracts Assignment

Difference between void contracts and voidable contracts - Assignment Example Voidable contract is a form of valid contract where all the four essential elements of a contract are present. According to Cross and Miller (2011, p. 752), a voidable contract is a contract which might be â€Å"legally avoided (canceled, or annulled) at the option of one of the parties.† In more generalized sense, the party/parties having the option to avoid the contract can avoid the contract altogether. Otherwise, they can also select which contractual duty is to be avoided. However, there is a process of ratification. If the contract is ratified by the contracting parties, then even a voidable contract will become strictly enforceable. Firstly, void contracts are itself a category of contracts. But voidable contracts are a subcategory of valid contracts. Secondly, void contracts are no contracts at all. However, voidable contracts are strictly enforceable contracts once they are ratified by the contracting parties. Thirdly, a void contract can never have all the four essential contractual elements in it. For example, if the element of consideration be missing in a contract, then that contract can be deemed as a void contract. However, this is not the case with voidable contracts. A voidable contract has all the four essential contractual elements in it 1. Suppose, A and B sign a contract on dealership of cannabis. However, selling or buying cannabis is banned in the US. So this kind of contract is a void contract since it violates law. (Schaffer, Agusti, and Earle 2008) 2. Suppose, A and B sign a contract to build a resort on an island in an active delta area. After a few days, there is a flood and the island is completely submerged under sea. Then, the contract between A and B will become void since the object of the contract cannot be achieved

America’s current policies Essay Example for Free

America’s current policies Essay Often, present generations, completely apathetic about their own sins, casts judgment upon the people who came before. This is not to say that, contrary to the prevailing wisdom currently choking our country, there are not absolute truths that were present during the inception of this country as well as in our present day. It is very unfortunate that some of our founding fathers held slaves; especially the author of the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson, who held nearly two hundred slaves at one time on his plantation at Monticello. We do not like that the father of freedom in America could not find it in himself to free his slaves. Jefferson’s own cousin, as well as a number of fellow Virginians freed their slaves. From 1780 until 1800, the population of free blacks in Virginia rose from just over 2,000 to more than 30,000. (Burns, 1997) Where is Thomas Jefferson? However, did those who contributed to the Constitution yet held slaves, serve to invalidate the Constitution or their own individual contributions? It would have to seem that it does. However, not to the same degree as some of America’s current policies invalidates our ability to even cast judgment on other generations in the first place. People in glass houses should not throw stones. This is a famous saying which can be applied to every person or generation who judges another while being less than perfect themselves. America is the 21st century is a far cry from America at its birth. The population, in 1776, was just under three million people. (McCullough, 2007 pg. 26) Last fall, America’s population exceeded three hundred million people. Technology has certainly made the world a much different place and America is not only the richest country in the world, it is also the most powerful. The founding fathers could scarily fathom what this country would become in a little more than two hundred years. However, would they be proud of what had been accomplished? In some ways, the founding fathers would be glowing with joy and pride. In other ways, they could not help but feel a great deal of shame and embarrassment at what America had become. In the past thirty years, revisionist historians have tried to tell Americans that this country was formed, not out of the pursuit of religious freedom as the Mayflower Compact reads but rather to make money and to expand their wealth and land holdings. Also, that the founding fathers were not deeply religious men but rather Deists who seemed apathetic towards absolute truths. These assertions are fallible to the core and scarily a student of history can accept such tripe. However, even the deists and atheists were still very moral men who were led by principles and not by what was convenient as they were men of the Enlightenment. Therefore, the question which should also be asked in conjunction with this theme is: Does America stand on any moral ground to even pass judgment in the first place on any past generation. Did our forefathers risk their lives so that more than thirty million babies could be aborted since 1973 and 40% of all children are now born without a father living in the home? Did our forefathers risk their lives so that more than 20,000 people could be murdered each year for the pursuit of money to buy drugs? When the forefathers secured freedom of speech, did that mean that pornographic movies could be shown on the television or curse words spewed at a dizzying rapidity? In a time when gay marriage is being pressed so heavily upon our members of Congress, would our forefathers; individuals who regarded the act as so impure, that they would go out of their way to describe such actions in an indirect way in their writings and all believed to be a sin? There can be added to this list, more than a dozen modern examples and whether or not one agrees that the aforementioned are problems in this country or not, our forefathers could not help but see them as grave mistakes and impediments on our history. It seems unlikely that those individuals, such as John Adams and George Washington, to name only a few; so fervent in their religious convictions, that they freely invoked the word of God in their writings and speeches, could have consented to such depravity. More than 35% of all of the quotes of America’s forefathers came from the Bible. Does America’s hunger for relativism and humanism disallow us from even being able to even ask the question: Were the actions of the forefathers pure enough to even form a country in the first place? For every person who would say no, there would be two of the aforementioned society which would say the same about us. Now, this is not to say that slavery was not extremely immoral which served as a cancer on our society at that time and created a legacy of racial hatred and inequality which is still present today. Anyone who believes that this country is one of the greatest in the world, if not the entire world as I do, such apathy towards our forefathers own words, has to invoke a degree of annoyance towards men who are revered for what the gave to future generations in the formation of a democratic, capitalist and free society. One wonders why a clear consciousness was not worth simply paying their workers a modest wage instead of forcing involuntary servitude. What was going through the minds when Thomas Jefferson introduced legislation to end slavery during the Constitutional Convention? Historians have argued that if Jefferson provided a hard line against slavery, then his other policies would have been pushed to the side and perhaps never passed. This is probably true. However, what stopped Jefferson from freeing his own slaves at Monticello? These questions may never be answered. So in the end, it would seem best for Americans to tread carefully when dismissing an entire generation and their works because of a sin which was all too apparent in 18th century America. Slavery was wrong? There is no doubt about that. However, has America lost most of its moral authority, as well as the rest of the West? This is to be sure. As more and more people turn away from the ideas of absolute truths and towards relativism and humanism, preferring instead what is convenient and not what is right, problems which America is now suffering, is its natural result. If the incompatibility of the actions and words of the slave holding forefathers invalidates their work, then it should be placed a top a very long list of this country’s ironic measures which have grown at an exponential rate in recent decades. WORKS CITED Burns, Ken Thomas Jefferson New York: Thirteen Productions PBS 1997 McCullough, David 1776. New York: Scribners 2007